Childhood and Youth Onset Diabetes

Currently, research projects on youth-onset diabetes, bothtype 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are supervised by Dr A. Amutha. Research activities include research areas of basic, epidemiological, clinical, and biochemical profiles and complications of T1D and T2D, especially in young children and adolescents. The team studied the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, especially the role of beta cell function and insulin sensitivity among young individuals. The team is involved in the nationwide Registry of diabetes in India at young onset (ICMR) and harmonization of registries from the US (SEARCH) and India (YDR). Presently, the ICMR YDR – Registry and Cohort component is an ongoing study in the department.

Vision

To study the clinical profile of diabetes in children, adolescents, and young adults and its various complications.

Mission

The aim is to identify the risk factors for complications and to determine the impact of various strategies (e.g., yoga, Fitness, and Thandav) to prevent complications in youth onset T1D and T2D.

The Department of Youth-Onset Diabetes, led by Dr. A. Amutha, focuses on advancing research in both Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) among children and adolescents. The department’s research activities encompass basic, epidemiological, clinical, and biochemical aspects, aiming to better understand the profiles and complications associated with early-onset diabetes. Under Dr. Amutha’s guidance, the department is dedicated to generating insights that contribute to early diagnosis, effective management, and improved quality of life for young individuals living with diabetes.

Dr. A. Amutha

Young Diab Study 1: Risk factors for Type 2 diabetes with young age at onset and its association with atherosclerosis (‘Young Diab’ Etiology study)

  1. We investigated insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion patterns among Asian Indian youth without and with type 2 diabetes (T2DM-y defined as onset of diabetes at or below 25years) with normal and high visceral fat (VF) levels and found that Lower DIo and Matsuda index, younger age and higher leptin were independently associated with high visceral fat among T2DM participants. Also, lower DIo was seen with increasing 2 h PG values even among normal glucose tolerant individuals.
We studied whether obesity mediates inflammation in diabetes among individuals with youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM-Y). In young Asian Indians, leptin and proinflammatory cytokines are positively, and adiponectin negatively, associated with both nonobese and obese T2DM-Y compared to nonobese NGT individuals.

Young Diab Study 2: Study of complications in diabetes with young age at Onset (‘Young Diab’ Complications study)

Over half of the people with young-onset diabetes, regardless of type, have retinopathy within 10–12 years of diabetes duration, emphasizing the need for regular eye screening and aggressive control of glucose and blood pressure to prevent DR. Serum adiponectin is a useful biochemical marker for differentiating T1DM and T2DM among young Asian Indians. Young-onset T2DM have a more aggressive disease course than T1DM. Betatrophin levels are lower in T2DM-Y and this association is likely mediated through insulin resistance. Younger onset T2DM patients have worse glycemic and lipid control, and higher prevalence of Retinopathy compared to older onset T2DM patients. This underscores the need for more aggressive metabolic control in young-onset T2DM

Harmonization of existing registries of diabetes in youth: a U.S.-India Collaborative Research Partnership R21 DK105869-01

This project aimed to compare the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes in youth between India and the U.S. Knowledge of prevalence, incidence, mortality, and clinical presentation, treatment, quality of care and quality of life differ between countries and this brought new insights into the potential causes and improved treatment. The specific aims of this proposal were 1. To harmonize the Indian YDR and the SEARCH registry in the U.S. Clinical YDR and SEARCH data in sufficient areas to be useful for initial comparisons; 2. To compare phenotypic, clinical and demographic characteristics by type of diabetes between YDR and SEARCH. This will improve our understanding of clinical presentation, treatment patterns and evolution of diabetes in youth, according to diabetes type, in the 2 countries. 3. To compare the burden of diabetes in youth by age, sex, race/ethnicity and type of diabetes between India and the US. A minimum dataset will be developed and harmonized which will allow the prevalence of diabetes in youth and young adults to be compared between countries, by type of diabetes and other demographic factors. This project included only selected Indian YDR sites, but all SEARCH sites. Four papers were published out of this partnership.

Young Onset Diabetes Registry (YDR) & YDR COHORT Phase III (2021 – till date) 5/3/2/registry/diab/04-NCD-II

YDR has completed phases I and II successfully, and now we are into YDR phase III. There are three components in YDR phase III:

Component 1: A clinic-based registry component to study the clinical profile, process, and quality of care for youth-onset diabet
Component 2: A cohort component to address the natural history of youth-onset T1D and T2D.
Component 3: A surveillance component that monitors the temporal trends of youth-onset T1D and T2D.

ICMR - REGISTRY OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES IN INDIA WITH YOUNG AGE AT ONSET - Phase I (2006 -2012), Phase II (2012 -2020)

The protocol of ICMR’s Task Force project on “Registry of People with Diabetes with Young Age at the Onset” was implemented through the three different units during phase II, viz, Coordinating Units, ICMR Regional Collaborating Centres, and Collaborating Centres. The ICMR Regional Collaborating Centres are the participating centres in phase I (initiated in 2006) and collect data voluntarily from Reporting Centres. These Centres would be assigned the responsibility of monitoring collaborating centres region-wise. Our research team was one of the ICMR Regional Collaborating Centres.Read more
The primary objective of the project was:
To understand:
  1. The magnitude of the problem
  2. Disease pattern or types, including the geographic variation
  3. Incidence and prevalence rate of complications
Secondary objective: The registry is aimed
  1. Facilitate research in the areas of basic, clinical (including patterns of care and survival), epidemiological, genetic, and molecular levels.
  2. Help promote awareness about the magnitude of the problem among professionals, public health partners.
  3. Help in Diabetes Monitoring Programme.
  4. Assist in the development of management guidelines.
  5. Develop human resources in diabetes epidemiology.
Being one of the Collaborating Centres (MDRF – CC003), the team approached all the hospitals and clinics in Chennai to participate in this registry. So far, 29 Reporting centres participate in this ICMR young diabetes registry, and in Phase 1, 1784 data and in Phase 2, 2495 data were collected from these reporting centres. The data collected were on demographic, personal information, clinical, anthropometric, biochemical values, diabetes type, complications, mode of treatment, etc., being collected through the questionnaire approach. The follow-up information would be collected in a separate follow-up proforma. The following figure shows the Reporting centres from Chennai that were involved in the registry. We published one paper from Chennai Collaborating Centre.

Beta cell function in youth with type 2 diabetes and its Association with atherosclerosis DST No: SR/SO/HS-0135/2009

Subjects with prediabetes had a more drastic decline in DIo than an increase in HOMA-IR when compared to normal glucose tolerant subjects, suggesting an early and significant change in the β-cell dysfunction disrupting glucose metabolism. These points to a predominant role played by β-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of prediabetes and T2DM-Y in our population who are relatively lean compared to Europeans.
DIo derived by OGTT measurements were 9-fold lower in our T2DM-Y when compared to NGT. Read more
When compared to other risk factors like BMI, Waist and insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction occurring early in the natural history may be a key factor in pathogenesis of T2DM in Asian Indians.
A simple surrogate OGTT protocol could provide estimates of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function which could be detected in high-risk youth at an early stage. It can also be used in large-scale epidemiological studies where the use of doing clamp studies is not feasible.
The non-linear relationship between sensitivity and secretion is best described by a hyperbola. The hyperbolic relationship means that the product of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion is constant for a given degree of glucose tolerance, and the final outcome of the above is called the disposition index (DIo). Since we have both the insulin measures, the hyperbolic relationship for the NGT, prediabetes and T2DM-Y groups are calculated

Publications

  1. Venkatesan, Ulagamadesan; Amutha, Anandakumar; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Unnikrishnan, Ranjit4; Mappillairaju, Bagavandas; Mohan, Viswanathan. Evaluation of Logistic Regression and Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms to Differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in India. Journal of Diabetology 16(3):p 231-239, July-September 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_12_25
  2. Bhuvanesswar, K.C., Srivastava, B.K., Amutha, A. et al.Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Asian Indian Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-025-01764-1
  3. Mohan, V., Amutha, A., Aarthy, R., Poongothai, S., Shanthirani, C. S., Unnikrishnan, R., Anjana, R. M., Kanthimathi, S., Bodhini, D., Routray, P., Hemachitra, R., Gowthami, G. T., Naaraayan, S. A., Sureshkumar, P., Saboo, B., Masoodi, S., Shruthi, J., Singh, M., Shah, I. A., Viswanathan, V., … PAN INDIA Monogenic Study Collaborators Group from India (2025). Profile of monogenic diabetes: a Pan-India study. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 226, 112289.
  4. Venkatesan, Ulagamadesan, Amutha, Anandakumar, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Unnikrishnan, Ranjit, Mappillairaju, Bagavandas, Mohan, Viswanathan. Predictive Modeling for Diabetes Subtype Classification in India: A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Diabetology 16(2):p 165-175, April-June 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_233_24
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Publications

1.  Venkatesan, Ulagamadesan; Amutha, Anandakumar; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Unnikrishnan, Ranjit4; Mappillairaju, Bagavandas; Mohan, Viswanathan. Evaluation of Logistic Regression and Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms to Differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in India. Journal of Diabetology 16(3):p 231-239, July-September 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_12_25
2.  Bhuvanesswar, K.C., Srivastava, B.K., Amutha, A. et al. Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Asian Indian Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-025-01764-1
3.  Mohan, V., Amutha, A., Aarthy, R., Poongothai, S., Shanthirani, C. S., Unnikrishnan, R., Anjana, R. M., Kanthimathi, S., Bodhini, D., Routray, P., Hemachitra, R., Gowthami, G. T., Naaraayan, S. A., Sureshkumar, P., Saboo, B., Masoodi, S., Shruthi, J., Singh, M., Shah, I. A., Viswanathan, V., … PAN INDIA Monogenic Study Collaborators Group from India (2025). Profile of monogenic diabetes: a Pan-India study. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 226, 112289.
4.  Venkatesan, Ulagamadesan, Amutha, Anandakumar, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Unnikrishnan, Ranjit, Mappillairaju, Bagavandas, Mohan, Viswanathan. Predictive Modeling for Diabetes Subtype Classification in India: A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Diabetology 16(2):p 165-175, April-June 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_233_24
5.  Venkatesan U, Amutha, A, Anjana RM, Ranjit Unnikrishnan,Mappillairajan B, Mohan V.Predictive Modelling for Diabetes Subtype Classification in India: A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Diabetology 16(2):p 165-175, April-June 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_233_24
6.  Reji S, Sankaraeswaran M, Ulagamathesan V, Wesley H, Ramesh G, Srinivasan S, Misra S, Mohan Anjana R, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V, Amutha A. Cohort prevalence of young-onset type 2 diabetes in South Asia: A systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2025 Mar;221:112013. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112013. Epub 2025 Feb 7. PMID: 39923964.
7.  Tharunika, Sridhar; Mohan, Viswanathan; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Amutha, Anandakumar. A Narrative Review of Celiac Disease in India with a Focus on its Link with Type 1 Diabetes. Journal of Diabetology 16(1):p 14-21, January-March 2025. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_170_24
8.  Amutha A, Reji S, Hema Aarthi R, Keertan Rao S, Ganesan S, Jebarani S, Praveen G, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V, Anjana RM. Comparison of the Effect of Teleconsultations, Hybrid Visits, and In-Person Visits on Glycemic and Metabolic Parameters Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in India. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025 Feb 19:19322968251319333. doi: 10.1177/19322968251319333. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39968727; PMCID: PMC11840818.
9.  Aswath Krishna S, Venkatesan U, Amutha A, Jebarani S, Sengottuvelu G, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V, Anjana RM. Cardiovascular disease risk prediction and profiling among Asian Indians with young-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2025 Feb 28:e70020. doi: 10.1111/dme.70020. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40019787.
10. Parikh, Rakesh, Saboo, Banshi,Agarwal, Sanjay, Mohan, V,  Gupta, Amit Makkar, Brij,  Viswanathan, Vijay,  Kumar, C,  Sahay, Rakesh,  Chawla, Rajeev,  Chawla, Purvi,  Deepa, M. Anandakumar, Amutha. (2024). Diabetes burden among young Indians below the age of 35 years: A retrospective analysis of nationwide screening campaign. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. 45. 10.1007/s13410-024-01357-x.
11. Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Amutha A, Sridevi K, Sathishraj S, Menaka S, Vijayabaskar S, Nirmal E, Parthiban K, Dhanasekaran L, Hemavathy S, Tandon N, Kaur T, Dhaliwal RS, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Mohan V, for the ICMR–INDIAB Collaborative Study Group. ICMR-MDRF Diabetes Biosamples: Cohort profile. IJMR.2024. doi: 10.25259/IJMR_1036_2024.
12. Damle, Varun Anil, Amutha, Anandakumar, Lovelena, Munnavar, Mohan, Viswanathan. Interesting Life Journey of a Type 1 Diabetes Individual from the Era of Injectable Insulins to the Hybrid Closed-Loop Insulin Pump. Journal of Diabetology 15(4):p 443-446, October-December 2024.DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_132_24.
13. Srivastava, Brijendra Kumar; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Amutha, Anandakumar; Ramuu, Muthu; Sriraam, Manoharan; Mohan, Viswanathan. Judicious use of modern technology with antihyperglycemic agents: The changing landscape of type 2 diabetes management. Journal of Diabetology 15(1):p 119-122, January-March 2024. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_127_23
14. Venkatesan U, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan Ranjit, Mappillairajan B, Mohan, V. Clinical and Biochemical Features Used to Classify Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review. Journal of Diabetology 15(2): p 152-163, April-June 2024. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_21_24.
15. Venkatesan U, Amutha A, Jones AG, Shields BM, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Mappillairaju B, Mohan V. Performance of European prediction models for classification of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Indians. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2024 Apr;18(4):103007. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103007. Epub 2024 Apr 9. PMID: 38636306.
16. Viswanathan Mohan, Kuzhandhaivelu Abirami, Valangaiman Sriram Manasa, Anandakumar Amutha, Balaji Bhavadharini, Rinky Rajput, Nagarajan Lakshmipriya, Chowdary Sruthi, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Ranjit Unnikrishnan,Sudha Vasudevan, Kamala Krishnaswamy Effect of milk and cultured milk products on type 2 diabetes: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. 2023.Journal of Indian Institute of Science. J Indian Inst Sci 103, 167–190 (2023).
17. Radha, V., Kanthimathi, S., Amutha, A. Bhavadharini B, Anjana RM, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Mohan V . Monogenic Diabetes Reported in South Asians: A Systematic Review. J Indian Inst Sci 103, 309–334 (2023).
18. Aarthy R, Aston-Mourney K, Amutha A, Mikocka-Walus A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Jebarani S, Venkatesan U, Gopi S, Radha V, Mohan V. Identification of appropriate biochemical parameters and cut points to detect Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young (MODY) in Asian Indians in a clinic setting. Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 14;13(1):11408.
19. Manya, Velu; Amutha, Anandakumar,; Latha, Pachaiyappan; Unnikrishnan, Ranjit; Mohan, Viswanathan; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan. Perceptions and behavioral patterns of Asian Indian adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Journal of Diabetology 14(2): p 90-95, April-June 2023. | DOI: 10.4103/jod.jod_5_23
20. Oza, Chirantap; Khadilkar, Anuradha,; Mondkar, Shruti; Amutha, Anandakumar; Uppal, Saurabh; De, Hriday; Ghosh, Apurba; Khadilkar, Vaman; Mohan, Viswanathan. A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study to Validate Insulin Sensitivity Index Cut-Offs for Detection of Metabolic Syndrome in Indian Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, June 30, 2023. | DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_411_22.
21. Aarthy R, Aston-Mourney K, Amutha A, Mikocka-Walus A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Jebarani S, Venkatesan U, Gopi S, Radha V, Mohan V. Prevalence, clinical features and complications of common forms of Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) seen at a tertiary diabetes centre in south India. Prim Care Diabetes. 2023 Apr 11:S1751-9918(23)00071-2. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.04.004. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37055265.
22. Mohan, V., Uma Sankari, G., Amutha, A., Anjana, R. M., Jeba Rani, S., Unnikrishnan, R., Venkatesan, U., & Shanthi Rani, C. S. (2023). Clinical and biochemical profile of childhood-adolescent-onset type 1 diabetes and adult-onset type 1 diabetes among Asian Indians. Acta diabetologica, 60(4), 579–586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02034-x.
23. Mohan D, Bhuvaneshwar Y, Jeyaram RM, Saravanan S, Amutha A, Subashini R, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Dental Caries and their Relation to HbA1c in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Indian Journal of Public Health. 2022; 66:206-9.
24. Praveen PA, Amutha A, Singh K, Prabhakaran D, Venkat Narayan KM, Mohan V, Tandon N. Cardiovascular disease risk profile of Indian young adults with type 1 diabetes compared to general population – A sub-study from the Young Diabetes Registry (YDR), India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022 Apr 2:109863. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109863. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35381291.
25. Amutha A, Mohan V. Diabetes in Childhood.  ISPAE CAPE Newsletter, 2022, volume 25, Issue 5;pages 16 – 18.
26. Mohan V, Shanthi Rani CS, Saboo B, Mukhopadhyay S, Chatterjee S, Dharmarajan P, Gupta S, Pendsey S, Chandrakanta J, Umasankari G, Amutha A, Salis S, Datta S, Gupta PK, Routray P, Jebarani S, Sastry NG, Venkatesan U, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R. Clinical Profile of Long-Term Survivors and Nonsurvivors with Type 1 Diabetes in India. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2022 Feb;24(2):120-129. doi: 10.1089/dia.2021.0284. Epub 2021 Dec 15. PMID: 34569820.
27. Amutha A, Kanthimathi S, Radha V, Mohan V. Monogenic Diabetes – Indian Experience – Mini reviews. ISPAE CAPE Newsletter December 2021,volume:25,Issue 4; pages 6-9.
28. Amutha A, Dhakshayani RV, Dharmarajan P, Suresh E, Periyandavar I, Shanmugam A, et al. Clinical profile and types of youth-onset diabetes in Chennai: The Indian Council of Medical Research – Registry of youth-onset diabetes in India – Chennai centres. J Diabetol 2021;12:492-499.
29. Kamalraj N, Sathishkumar M, Arunvignesh M, Baskar V, Jebarani S, Amutha A, Deepa M, Shanthi Rani CS, Chandru S, Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Harish M, Mohan V. Retrospective analysis (2009-2017) of factors associated with progression and regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Hepatic steatosis) in patients with type 2 diabetes seen at a tertiary diabetes centre in Southern India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Sep-Oct;15(5):102261. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102261. Epub 2021 Aug 25. PMID: 34464909.
30. Mohana Preethi M, Bhoomadevi A, Amutha A. Electronic Medical Records (EMR) over manual documentation of in-patient records: a scientific insight. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education.2021. Vol.12 No. 11, 3274-3285.
31. Nanayakkara N, Curtis AJ, Heritier S, Gadowski AM, Pavkov ME, Kenealy T, Owens DR, Thomas RL, Song S, Wong J, Chan JC, Luk AO, Penno G, Ji L, Mohan V, Amutha A, Romero-Aroca P, Gasevic D, Magliano DJ, Teede HJ, Chalmers J, Zoungas S. Impact of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis on mortality and vascular complications: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia. 2021 Feb;64(2):275-287. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05319-w. Epub 2020 Dec 14. PMID: 33313987; PMCID: PMC7801294.
32. Aarthy R, Aston-Mourney K, Mikocka-Walus A, Radha V, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V. Clinical features, complications and treatment of rarer forms of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) – A review. J Diabetes Complications. 2021 Jan;35(1):107640. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107640. Epub 2020 May 29. PMID: 32763092.
33. Amutha A, Ranjit U, Anjana RM, Shanthi R CS, Rajalakshmi R, Venkatesan U, Muthukumar S, Philips R, Kayalvizhi S, Gupta PK, Sastry NG, Mohan V. Clinical profile and incidence of microvascular complications of childhood and adolescent onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes seen at a tertiary diabetes center in India. Pediatr Diabetes. 2021 Feb;22(1):67-74. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13033. Epub 2020 May 29. PMID: 32333449.
34. Amutha A, Praveen PA, Hockett CW, Ong TC, Jensen ET, Isom SP, D’Agostino RBJ, Hamman RF, Mayer-Davis EJ, Wadwa RP, Lawrence JM, Pihoker C, Kahn MG, Dabelea D, Tandon N, Mohan V. Treatment regimens and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in youth with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes: Data from SEARCH (United States) and YDR (India) registries. Pediatr Diabetes. 2021 Feb;22(1):31-39. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13004. Epub 2020 Mar 24. PMID: 32134536; PMCID: PMC7744104.
35. Jensen ET, Dabelea DA, Praveen PA, Amutha A, Hockett CW, Isom SP, Ong TC, Mohan V, D’Agostino R Jr, Kahn MG, Hamman RF, Wadwa P, Dolan L, Lawrence JM, Madhu SV, Chhokar R, Goel K, Tandon N, Mayer-Davis E. Comparison of the incidence of diabetes in United States and Indian youth: An international harmonization of youth diabetes registries. Pediatr Diabetes. 2021 Feb;22(1):8-14. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13009. Epub 2020 Apr 6. PMID: 32196874; PMCID: PMC7748376.
36. Hockett CW, Praveen PA, Ong TC, Amutha A, Isom SP, Jensen ET, D’Agostino RB Jr, Hamman RF, Mayer-Davis EJ, Lawrence JM, Pihoker C, Kahn MG, Mohan V, Tandon N, Dabelea D. Clinical profile at diagnosis with youth-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes in two pediatric diabetes registries: SEARCH (United States) and YDR (India). Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Jan 17. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12981.
37. Praveen PA, Hockett CW, Ong TC, Amutha A, Isom SP, Jensen ET, Mohan V, Dabelea DA, D’Agostino RB Jr, Hamman RF, Mayer-Davis EJ, Lawrence JM, Dolan LM, Kahn MG, Madhu SV, Tandon N. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis among youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: results from SEARCH (US) and YDR (India) registries. Pediatric Diabetes. 2020. Jan 14. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12979.
38. Chetan MR, Miksza JK, Lawrence I, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Amutha A, Shanthi Rani CS, Jebarani S, Mohan V, Khunti K, Narendran P. The increased risk of microvascular complications in South Asians with type 1 diabetes is influenced by migration. Diabet Med. 2020 Dec;37(12):2136-2142. doi: 10.1111/dme.14184. Epub 2019 Nov 28. PMID: 31721280.
39. Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Jebarani S, Venkatesan U, Parvathi SJ, Balasubramanyam M, Radha V, Poongothai S, Sudha V, Shanthi Rani CS, Ranjani H, Amutha A, Manickam N, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V. Acceptability and Utilization of Newer Technologies and Effects on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Lessons Learned from Lockdown. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2020 Jul;22(7):527-534. doi: 10.1089/dia.2020.0240. Epub 2020 Jun 22. PMID: 32522031.
40. Rajalakshmi R, Shanthirani CS, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Murthy GVS, Gilbert C, Mohan V. Assessment of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes in a diabetes care center in South India-Feasibility and awareness improvement study Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020 Feb;68(Supplement): S92-S95
41. Sai Prasanna N, Amutha A, Pramodkumar TA, Anjana RM, Venkatesan U, Priya M,  Pradeepa R, Mohan V. The 1 h post glucose value best predicts future dysglycemia among normal glucose tolerance subjects. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications. 2017 2Nov;31(11):1592-1596. doi:  0.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.07.017.
42. Amutha A, Pradeepa R, Chella KS, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V. Lipid Profile in Childhood-and Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and their Association with Microvascular Complications. Journal of Association of Physicians of India. 2017;65:42-47.
43. Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Jebarani S, Ali MK, Narayan  KMV, Mohan V.  Younger- onset versus older-onset type 2 diabetes: Clinical profile and complications. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications. 2017; 31:971 –  975.
44. Reddy S, Amutha A, Rajalakshmi R, Bhaskaran R, Monickaraj F, Rangasamy S,Anjana RM, Abhijit S, Gokulakrishnan K, Das A, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M.Association of increased levels of MCP-1 and cathepsin-D in young onset type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM-Y) with severity of diabetic retinopathy. J Diabetes Complications. 2017 Mar 10. pii: S1056-8727(16)30839-X.
45. Amutha A, Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Prepubertal Childhood Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Four Case Reports. JAPI. 2017;65;43-46.
46. Amutha A, Anjana RM, Venkatesan U, Ranjani H, Unnikrishnan R, Narayan KMV, Mohan V, Ali MK, Incidence of complications in young-onset diabetes: Comparing type 2 with type 1 (The young diab study), Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2017; 213 : 1 – 8.
47. Shruti S, Mohan V, Amutha A, Aravindhan V. Increased serum levels of novel T cell cytokines IL-33, IL-9 and IL-17 in subjects with type-1 diabetes. Cytokine. 2016; 86; 6-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2016.07.007.
48. Anand K, Vidyasagar S, Lasrado I, Pandey GK, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Mohan Anjana R, Mohan V, Gokulakrishnan K. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 (SFRP4): A Novel Biomarker of β-Cell Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2016 Jul 6.pii: dc160756.
49. Amutha A, Mohan V. Diabetes Complications in Childhood and Adolescent Onset Type 2 Diabetes – A Review. J Diabetes Complications. 2016. Feb 9. pii: S1056-8727(16)00060-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.02.009.
50. Priya M, Amutha A, Pramodkumar TA, Ranjani H, Jebarani S, Gokulakrishnan K, Pradeepa R, Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Both βeta cell function and insulin sensitivity in normal glucose tolerant subjects stratified by 1-hour plasma glucose values. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2016 Jan;18(1):29-33.
51. Anjana RM, Amutha A, Mohan V. Regularity of follow-up, glycemic burden, and risk of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 9-year follow-up study: Reply to Dr. Tasci et al. Acta Diabetol. 2016 Feb;53(1):131-2.
52. Gokulakrishnan K, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Subramanian Y Bibin, Balakumar M, Gautam Kumar P, Anjana RM, Ali MK, Venkat Narayan KM, Mohan V.  Relationship of adipokines And Proinflammatory Cytokines Among Asian Indians With Obesity And Youth Onset Type2 Diabetes. Endocr Pract. 2015 Oct;21(10):1143-51.
53. Amutha A, Ali MK, Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Ranjani H, Gokulakrishnan K,Mohan V, Narayan KM. Insulin sensitivity and secretion in youth onset type 2 diabetes with and without visceral adiposity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015 Jul;109(1):32-9.
54. Gokulakrishnan K, Manokaran K, Pandey GK, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Anjana RM,Mohan V. Relationship of betatrophin with youth onset type 2 diabetes among Asian Indians. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015 Jul;109(1):71-6.
55. Billow A, Anjana RM, Ngai M, Amutha A, Pradeepa R, Jebarani S, Unnikrishnan R,Michael E, Mohan V. Prevalence and clinical profile of metabolic syndrome among type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in southern India. J Diabetes Complications. 2015;29(5):659-64.
56. Kanthimathi S, Chidambaram M, Liju S, Bhavadharini B, Bodhini D, Prakash VG, Amutha A, Bhavatharini A, Anjana RM, Mohan V, Radha V. Identification of Genetic Variants of Gestational Diabetes in South Indians. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2015 Jul;17(7):462-7.
57. Anjana RM, Shanthirani CS, Unnikrishnan R, Mugilan P, Amutha A, Nair HD, Subhashini S, Venkatesan U, Ali MK, Ranjani H, Mohan V. Regularity of follow-up, glycemic burden, and risk of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 9-year follow-up study. Acta Diabetol. 2015 ; 52(3):601-9.
58. Vendhan R, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Mohan V. Clinical Profile of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Seen at a Diabetes Speciality Centre in India. Endocr Pract. 2014;20(12):1249-57.
59. Rajalakshmi R, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Ali MK., Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, VenkatNarayan KM, Mohan V. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in Asian Indians with young onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2014.May-Jun;28(3):291-7.
60. Vendhan R, Amutha A, Anjana RM, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Deepa M, Mohan V. Comparison of characteristics between non obese and overweight/obese subjects with non alcoholic fatty liver disease in a south Indian population. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics.  2014 Jan;16(1):48-55.
61. Amutha A, Thai K, Mohan V. Childhood and Adolescent Onset Type 1 Diabetes in India. MGM J Med Sci 2013;1(1):46-53.
62. Gokulakrishnan K, Aravindhan V, Amutha A, Shiny A, Ranjani H, Anjana R M, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Priya Miranda, Venkat Narayan KM, Mohan V. Serum adiponectin helps to differentiate type 1 and type 2 diabetes among young Asian Indians. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics. 2013 Aug; 15(8):696-702.
63. Mohan V, Rani CS, Amutha A, Dhulipala S, Anjana RM, Parthasarathy B, Unnikrishnan R. Clinical Profile of Long-Term Survivors and Nonsurvivors With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2013. Aug; 36(8):2190-7.
64. Mohan V, Amutha A, Ranjani H,  Unnikrishnan R, Datta M, Anjana RM, Staimez L,   Ali MK, Narayan KMV. Associations of -Cell Function and Insulin Resistance with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes Among Asian Indians. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics. 2013; 15:315-322.
65. Jahnavi S, Poovazhagi V, Mohan V, Bodhini D, Raghupathy P, Amutha A, Kumar PS, Adhikari P, Shriraam M, Tanvir K, Das A, Molnes J, Njolstad P, Unnikrishnan R, Radha V; Clinical Molecular characterization of Neonatal diabetes monogenic syndromic diabetes in Asian Indian Children. Clinical and molecular characterization of neonatal diabetes and monogenic syndromic diabetes in Asian Indian children. Clin Genet. 2012;Jul 25;9999(9999).
66. Venkataraman V, Amutha A, Anbalagan VP, Deepa M, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R, Vamsi M, Mohan V. Association of glycated hemoglobin with carotid intimal medial thickness in Asian indians with normal glucose tolerance. Journal of Diabetes and its complications. 2012; 26: 526-530.
67. Amutha A, Manjula Datta, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Clinical Profile And Complications Of Childhood And Adolescent Onset Type 2 Diabetes Seen at a Diabetes Centre in South India. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2012 Jun; 14(6):497-504.
68. Amutha A, Manjula Datta, Mohan V. Type 2 Diabetes in Children – An Emerging Problem in India. Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics. 2011; 13(4) 409- 416.
69. Amutha A, Datta M, Unnikrishnan IR, Anjana RM, Rema M, Venkat Narayan KM, Mohan V.   Clinical profile of diabetes in the young seen between 1992 and 2009 at a specialist diabetes centre in south India. Prim Care Diabetes. 2011 Dec; 5(4):223-9.
70. Mohan V, Ravikumar R, Poongothai S, Amutha A, Sowmya S, Karkhuzali K, Parkin CG. A single-center, open, comparative study of the effect of using self-monitoring of blood glucose to guide therapy on preclinical atherosclerotic markers in type 2 diabetic subjects. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2010 Jul 1;4(4):942-8
71. Mohan V, Pranjali PP, Amutha A, Ganesan A, Manjula Datta, Gayathri P. Prevalence And Clinical Profile Of Autosomal Dominant Type 2 Diabetes In Asian Indians.  Primary Care Diabetes 3 (2009) 233-238
 
Book publications: 
1.  Ranjani H, Pranjali P, Amutha A, Ranjit Unnikrishnan.I. Diabetes in Children & Adolescents In: A concise guide for prevention, management and control by Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai. December 2008.
2.  Unnikrishnan R, Amutha A, Mohan V. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence. In: IAP Speciality Series on Pediatric Endocrinology. (2nd edition).  Shah NS, Rao S (eds).  IAP National Publicaiton House, Gwalior, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2013; 147-153.
3.  Mohan V, Amutha A, Ranjani H, Anjana RM, Unnikrishnan R. Chapter 33: Clinical Approach to Diabetes in the Young in India. In:  Medicine Update 2013. Muruganathan A (Ed). The Association of Physicians of India, 2013; 23.
4.  Mohan V. Early Onset Type 2 Diabetes. In: RSSDI Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus. 3rd edition.  Chandalia HB, Sridhar GR, Das AK, Madhu SV, Mohan V, Rao PV (Eds.). RSSDI, 2014; p.437 – 454.
5.  Mohan V, Amutha A. Can we change the natural history of type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Chapter 1.  In: Medicine Update 2016. Pareek KK, Wander GS (Eds), The Association of Physicians of India, 2016; Volume 1: pp. 4-7.
6.  Anjana RM, Amutha A, Ranjit Unnikrishnan. Epidemiology of Dyslipidemia in India.2016.
7.  Amutha A, Pradeepa R, Mohan V. Metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Chapter 24: In: Manual of Hypertension-by-Hypertension society of India.2nd edition; p.200-206
8.  Anandakumar Amutha, Harish Ranjani , Ranjit Mohan Anjana , Ranjit Unnikrishnan and Viswanathan Mohan. Chapter 31 “Type 1 diabetes risk factors and prevention” in Cardiometabolic Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95469-3.00038-3
9.  Harish Ranjani, Sharma Nitika , Anandakumar Amutha and Viswanathan Mohan. Chapter 28 on “Prevention of Childhood obesity and prevention – An Indian Context” in Cardiometabolic Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95469-3.00005-X
10. RSSDI T1D Nutrition guidelines. Chapter 7: Glycemic Index & Glycemic Load; Management of Mixed Meals. Dr R M Anjana, Dr A Amutha, Dr Shalmi Mehta. Published Online.
 

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